
The polarity of mycotoxins
Introduction Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by various fungi. Although they all fall into this category, their molecular structures exhibit significant differences that impact

Introduction Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by various fungi. Although they all fall into this category, their molecular structures exhibit significant differences that impact

Introduction The toxicokinetics of mycotoxins comprise the processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME), encompassing all stages from the entry of the toxin

Introduction Ruminants are considered less susceptible to the effects of mycotoxins compared to other species. Biotransformation processes that occur in the rumen microbiota convert

Introduction Swine are among the species most sensitive to the clinical effects of mycotoxins. The oxidative stress induced by these metabolites leads to alterations

Introduction The poultry industry is known to be significantly affected by the presence of mycotoxins in raw materials and feed, owing to the high

Introduction Mycotoxins reach the animals’ bodies through the ingestion of contaminated feed. This feed can be contaminated at any level of the food chain,
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